Some of the reasons for failure of Exubera:

1. Complicated dosing - both for patients and their physicians.

2. Bong sized inhaler (not exactly discreet).

3. Hexameric insulin - still has to be broken down - slower pharmacokinetics and increased risk of hypoglycemia.

4. Cancer risk (at the time) - since disproved?

Afrezza is safe, fast-acting, and rapidly cleared from the system. Much lower incidence of hypoglycemic events. The inhaler is discreet. There is a decreased need for glucose monitoring. And the dosing is simple - much easier for physicians to adopt and for patients to comply.