I agree with you. I think those theories held some truth many years ago, but with todays internet trading and stocks trading on foreign markets, it is no longer valid. However, that is what the daytraders use to scare the shares from some. If gap theories are true in this day and age we better watch out as we have gaps much lower than eighty-five cents. What is happening with sp at this time looks to be very controlled now--we have a big seller and a big buyor who want their trades filled before the price can change much. I enjoy reading your posts and good luck to you, ads