Easy read on Coppper History Ill stake a site outside the /NYSE/ASE as it says selling certs. Ha!

http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/history/2012/09/the-copper-kings-precipitous-fall/

"The miners in Montana adored him because he cut their working day from 10 hours to 8, and he navigated the political world with the same ease that he pulled copper from the earth. In 1902, with authorized capital of $80 million, he incorporated the United Copper Co. and continued to chip away at the position of Anaconda’s corporate successor, the Amalgamated Copper Mining Co., atop the copper market. Stock in his company was literally traded outside the New York Stock Exchange in “on the curb” trading that would later become the American Stock Exchange."