One such example is Sense Networks ,a recent US – based start up company, which uses millions of GPS estimates sourced from mobile phones within a city to predict , for instance, which sub-population for tribe might be interested in a specific type of night club or bar (e.g., a jazz club).

It is now feasible to distribute and run experiments with a large number of participants from all around the world rather than in Laboratory controlled conditions using a small userIEEE communications Magazine. September 2010 , e.DIGITAL Corporation Exhibit 2017 – Page 3

Figure 2 shows carbon monoxide readings captured in Ghana using mobile sensors attached to a taxicabs as part of the participatory Urbanism project, as an example of a community sensing application.

Alternatively , an effective approach for some systems have been sensor sampling routines with admission control stages that do not process data that is low quality , saving resources ,and reducing errors (e.g., Sound Sense)

Researchers recognize the strength of leveraging social media outlets such as Face-book , Tweeter , and flicker as ways to not only disseminate information but build community awareness (e.g., citizen science).